I-Penicillin kwakuyimithi elwa namagciwane yokuqala emhlabeni wonke esetshenziswa emtholampilo.Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuthuthuka, kuye kwavela ama-antibiotic amaningi, kodwa inkinga yokumelana nemithi ebangelwa ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwemithi elwa namagciwane iye yagqama kancane kancane.
Ama-peptide e-antimicrobial abhekwa njengamathemba okusebenza abanzi ngenxa yomsebenzi wawo ophezulu we-antibacterial, i-spectrum ebanzi ye-antibacterial, izinhlobonhlobo, ububanzi bokukhetha, kanye nokuguqulwa okuphansi kokumelana nezinhlobo ezihlosiwe.Njengamanje, ama-peptide amaningi e-antimicrobial asesigabeni socwaningo lomtholampilo, phakathi kwawo ama-mainins(i-Xenopus laevis peptide elwa namagciwane) angenele Ⅲ ocwaningweni lomtholampilo.
Izindlela zokusebenza ezichazwe kahle
Ama-peptide e-antimicrobial (amps) angama-polypeptide ayisisekelo anesisindo se-molecular engu-20000 futhi anomsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane.Phakathi kuka ~ 7000 futhi yakhiwe ngezinsalela ze-amino acid ezingama-20 kuye kwezingama-60.Iningi lalawa ma-peptide asebenzayo anezici zesisekelo esiqinile, ukuzinza kokushisa, kanye ne-antibacterial ebanzi.
Ngokusekelwe esakhiweni sawo, ama-peptide e-antimicrobial angahlukaniswa cishe abe izigaba ezine: i-helical, ishidi, enwetshiwe, nendandatho.Amanye ama-peptide e-antimicrobial ahlanganisa ngokuphelele i-helix eyodwa noma ishidi, kanti amanye anesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi.
Indlela evamile yokusebenza yama-peptide e-antimicrobial ukuthi inomsebenzi oqondile ngokumelene nolwelwesi lwamaseli ebhaktheriya.Ngamafuphi, ama-peptide e-antimicrobial aphazamisa amandla olwelwesi lwebhaktheriya, aguqule ukungeneka kolwelwesi, ama-metabolite avuzayo, futhi ekugcineni aholele ekufeni kwebhaktheriya.Imvelo ekhokhisiwe yama-peptide e-antimicrobial isiza ukuthuthukisa ikhono lawo lokusebenzisana nolwelwesi lwamaseli ebhaktheriya.Ama-peptide amaningi e-antimicrobial anet positive charge ngakho abizwa nge-cationic antimicrobial peptides.Ukusebenzisana kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwama-peptide e-cationic antimicrobial kanye nolwelwesi lwebhaktheriya lwe-anionic kusimamisa ukuboshwa kwama-peptide e-antimicrobial kulwelwesi lwebhaktheriya.
Amandla okwelapha avelayo
Ikhono lama-peptide e-antimicrobial ukuze asebenze ngezindlela eziningi kanye neziteshi ezahlukene azigcini nje ukwandisa umsebenzi we-antimicrobial kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokumelana.Ngokusebenza ngamashaneli amaningi, amathuba okuba amagciwane athole ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye angancishiswa kakhulu, anikeze ama-peptide e-antimicrobial amandla amahle okumelana.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi ama-peptide amaningi e-antimicrobial asebenza ezindaweni ze-bacterial cell membrane, amagciwane kufanele ahlele kabusha ngokuphelele ukwakheka kolwelwesi lweseli ukuze luguquke, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi uguquko oluningi lwenzeke.Kuvame kakhulu ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali omdlavuza ukunciphisa ukumelana nesimila kanye nokumelana nemithi ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi nama-ejenti ahlukene.
Ithemba lomtholampilo lihle
Dala imishanguzo emisha elwa namagciwane ukuze ugweme inkinga elandelayo ye-antimicrobial.Inani elikhulu lama-peptide e-antimicrobial ahlolwa emitholampilo futhi abonisa amandla omtholampilo.Muningi umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe kuma-peptide e-antimicrobial njengama-antimicrobial agents anoveli.Ama-peptide amaningi e-antimicrobial ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo awakwazi ukulethwa emakethe ngenxa yokuklama okungekuhle kwesilingo noma ukuntuleka kokufaneleka.Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe mayelana nokusebenzisana kwama-antimicrobial asekelwe ku-peptide nendawo eyinkimbinkimbi yabantu luzoba usizo ukuhlola amandla eqiniso ale mithi.
Ngempela, izinhlanganisela eziningi ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo zenze ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindawo zazo zokwelapha.Kule nqubo, ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwemitapo yolwazi yedijithali ethuthukisiwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yokumodela kuzothuthukisa ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwale mithi.
Nakuba ukuklanywa nokuthuthukiswa kwama-peptide e-antimicrobial kuwumsebenzi onenjongo, kufanele silwele ukukhawulela ukumelana nama-antimicrobial agents amasha.Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwama-antimicrobial agents kanye nezindlela zokulwa namagciwane kuzosiza ukunciphisa umthelela wokumelana nama-antibiotic.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-ejenti entsha ye-antibacterial ifakwa emakethe, ukuqapha okuningiliziwe nokuphathwa kuyadingeka ukuze kukhawulwe ukusetshenziswa okungadingekile kwama-antibacterial agents ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-04-2023